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Coping Styles

- General Information
- Items used in BASE

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Coping Styles:
General Information

When? | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Time 4 | Time 5 | Time 6 | Time 7
Where? | Intensive Protocol (IP) | - | Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intensive Protocol (IP) | - | - | -
Questionnaire | IP: Self and Personality p. 10 | - | IP: Self and Personality p. 9 | IP: Self and Personality p. 9 | - | - | -
SIR Data bank | IP: Psycho rec/table 1 (P1data) rec/table 2 (P1const) | - | IP: Psycho rec/table 201 (P3data) rec/table 202 (P3const) | IP: Psycho rec/table 301 (P4data) rec/table 302 (P4const) | - | - | -

With regard to coping, the goal in BASE was to assess participants' preferred profile of strategies. 13 statements describing different ways of dealing with difficult life problems were extracted from interviews with older adults (Kruse, 1987, 1994; Thomae, 1987). Responses were given on a five-point Likert-Scale (5 rated as "applies very well to me", 1 as "does not apply to me at all").

Literature: Staudinger & Fleeson, 1996; Staudinger, Freund, Linden, & Maas, 1996, 1999; Staudinger & Freund, 1998.

- General Information
- Items used in BASE

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Coping Styles:
Items used in BASE

Note:
According to the design, variable names for Time 1 have the prefix p1,
names for Time 3 have the prefix p3, and names for Time 4 have the prefix p4.

In addition, please note that at measurement Times 3 and Time 4 only 7 of the former 13 items could be integrated into the questionnaire.
In the following table the names of these 7 items are printed bold.

| Coping style (Variable label) | BASE items / variables | English translation | Variable names Time 1 | Variable names Time 3 | Variable names Time 4
1. | Looking back on life | In schwierigen Situationen denke ich daran, was ich im Leben schon alles überstanden habe, das macht es mir leichter. | I find that I can better face up to dealing with a difficult situation if I remind myself that I have already solved many other problems in my life. | p1dcop1 | + | +
2. | Don't give up | Wenn sich mir Schwierigkeiten in den Weg stellen, so gebe ich trotzdem nicht auf. | I never give up, even when the odds are stacked against me. | p1dcop2 | + | +
3. | Distraction | Wenn ich Schwierigkeiten habe, dann versuche ich, mich abzulenken und nicht daran zu denken. | If I have a problem, I try to find something else to do to help take my mind off it. | p1dcop3 | - | -
4. | Adaptation to the given | In schwierigen Situationen versuche ich, mich mit den Gegebenheiten abzufinden. | I try to adapt to difficult situations rather than fight against them. | p1dcop4 | + | +
5. | Faith | In schwierigen Situationen gibt mir mein Glauben Halt. | In difficult situations I seek support in my faith. | p1dcop5 | + | +
6. | Information | Wenn es Probleme gibt, dann möchte ich genau wissen, woran ich bin. | I try to find out about all sides of a problem. | p1dcop6 | + | +
7. | Social support | Wenn ich Probleme habe, dann suche ich bei anderen Menschen Hilfe und Unterstützung. | If I have any problems, I look to others for help and support. | p1dcop7 | - | -
8. | Ups and downs | In schwierigen Situationen wechselt es bei mir ab: Manchmal bin ich niedergeschlagen und manchmal spüre ich dann wieder neue Kraft und neuen Mut. | In difficult situations it alternates: sometimes I am down and then I am up and full of energy again. | p1dcop8 | - | -
9. | Giving up | Bei Problemen gebe ich leicht auf und lasse den Dingen ihren Lauf. | I tend to give in when there is a problem and to let things take their own course. | p1dcop9 | - | -
10. | Find no solution | In schwierigen Situationen finde ich häufig keine Lösung. Mein Leben kommt mir dann ziemlich sinnlos vor, und ich bin niedergeschlagen. | It is often the case that I can't solve the problems that I have. Then I become very depressed and can't see any point to my life. | p1dcop10 | + | +
11. | Social comparison | In schwierigen Situationen hilft es mir, wenn ich daran denke, daß viele andere Menschen es noch schwerer haben. | I find it easier to deal with any problems I have by remembering that there are always others who are far worse off than me. | p1dcop11 | + | +
12. | Someone to take over | In schwierigen Situationen wünsche ich mir oft, daß jemand die Probleme für mich löst. | I often wish that someone else would solve my problems for me. | p1dcop12 | - | -
13. | Humor | Wenn ich Probleme habe, versuche ich es humorvoll zu sehen. | If I have any problems I try to take it with a sense of humor. | p1dcop13 | - | -

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- Items used in BASE

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