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Control Beliefs

- General Information
- IP-Items used in BASE
- EE-Items used in BASE
- Constructs Created in BASE
- Additional Information

Control Beliefs:
General Information

When? | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Time 4 | Time 5 | Time 6 | Time 7
Where? | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE) | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE)
Questionnaire | EE: Intake Assessment p. 10 IP: Self and Personality p. 9 | EE: Intake Assessment p. 15 | EE: Intake Assessment p. 14 IP: Self and Personality p. 8 | EE: Intake Assessment p. 14 IP: Self and Personality p. 8 | EE: Intake Assessment p. 7 IP: Self and Personality p. 6 | IP: Self and Personality p. 6 | EE: Intake Assessment p. 11
SIR Data bank | EE: ZPK rec/table 10 (Z1ee) IP: Psycho rec/table 1 (P1data) rec/table 2 (P1const) | EE: ZPK rec/table 110 (Z2ee) | EE: ZPK rec/table 210 (Z3ee) IP: Psycho rec/table 201 (P3data) rec/table 202 (P3const) | EE: ZPK rec/table 310 (Z4ee) IP: Psycho rec/table 301 (P4data) rec/table 302 (P4const) | EE: ZPK rec/table 410 (Z5ee) IP: Psycho rec/table 401 (P5data) rec/table 402 (P5const) | IP: Psycho rec/table 501 (P6data) rec/table 502 (P6const) | EE: ZPK rec/table 610 (Z7ee)

To assess control beliefs, a scale consisting of 14 items (statements) describing general beliefs about control over positive and negative aspects of life was developed by the BASE project (Smith, Marsiske, & Maier, 1996). The items assess beliefs about internal (personal) control, external (other) control and chance (cf. Skinner, 1995; Levinson, 1981). Responses were given on a five-point Likert-Scale (5 rated as "applies very well to me", to 1 as "does not apply to me at all").
Three factors could be confirmed by LISREL analyses: beliefs about internal control over positive events, internal control over negative events, and external control (powerful others). The items concerning a belief in chance did not reliably form a factor.

Additionally, in the EE two single items were included; one measuring a general internal control belief (Levenson, 1981, also used in the Final Questionnaire), the other one measuring a health related internal control belief (MHLC-A, Wallston, Wallston, & de Vellis, 1978). Responses to these questions were given on a five-point Likert-Scale (5 labeled as "applies very well to me", 1 as "does not apply to me at all"). Participants who did not understand this scale could answer the questions by simply saying "yes" (1) or "no" (2). At the 5th measurement point a subsample of the original inventory was included in the assessment.

Literature: Smith & Baltes, 1996, 1999; Smith, Fleeson, Geiselmann, Settersen, & Kunzmann, 1996, 1999; Staudinger, Freund, Linden, & Maas, 1996, 1999.

- General Information
- IP-Items used in BASE
- EE-Items used in BASE
- Constructs Created in BASE
- Additional Information

Control Beliefs:
IP-Items used in BASE

Note:
According to the design, IP variable names for Time 1 have the prefix p1, names for Time 3 have the prefix p3,
names for Time 4 have the prefix p4, names for Time 5 have the prefix p5, and names for Time 6 have the prefix p6.
Names for Time 7 have the prefix p7 although the data were administrated in the intake assessment.

| BASE items / variables | English translation | Variable names Time 1 | Variable names Time 3 | Variable names Time 4 | Variable names Time 5 | Variable names Time 6 | Variable names Time 7
1. | Das, was an Gutem in meinem Leben passiert, kann ich selbst bestimmen. | It 's up to me to arrange for all the good things in my life. | p1dcnti1 | + | + | + | + | +
2. | In meinem Leben werden die guten Dinge zum größten Teil von zufälligen Ereignissen bestimmt. | The good things in my life are, for the most part, a matter of luck. | p1dcntc1 | + | + | - | + | -
3. | Im allgemeinen sorgen andere Leute dafür, daß in meinem Leben nichts schief geht. | Other people generally make sure that nothing goes wrong in my life. | p1dcnte1 | + | + | + | + | +
4. | Wenn in meinem Leben etwas schiefgeht, dann habe ich einfach nicht genügend aufgepaßt. | If something goes wrong in my life, it's usually because I was not careful enough. | p1dcnti2 | + | + | - | + | -
5. | Das Gute und Schöne in meinem Leben kann ich selbst beeinflussen. | I can make sure that good things come my way. | p1dcnti3 | + | + | + | + | +
6. | Oft sehe ich einfach keine Möglichkeit, mich vor unglücklichen Ereignissen zu schützen. | I often feel that I just have no influence over the things that go wrong in my life. | p1dcntc2 | + | + | - | + | -
7. | Wenn ich bekomme, was ich will, so ist das meistens, weil ich selbst viel dafür getan habe. | When I get what I want, it is usually because I have worked hard for it. | p1dcnti4 | + | + | + | + | +
8. | Ich bin auf andere angewiesen, um Unannehmlichkeiten zu vermeiden. | I depend on others to ensure that there are no problems in my life. | p1dcnte2 | + | + | + | + | +
9. | Zum größten Teil sorgen andere Leute dafür, daß in meinem Leben alles gut geht. | Other people generally arrange for good things to happen in my life. | p1dcnte3 | + | + | + | + | +
10. | Wenn etwas bei mir nicht klappt, liegt es an mir selbst | It 's my fault if something goes wrong in my life. | p1dcnti5 | + | + | - | + | -
11. | Wenn ich bekomme, was ich mir wünsche, so geschieht das meistens, weil ich Glück habe. | If I get what I want in my life, then it's mostly luck is with me. | p1dcntc3 | + | + | + | + | -
12. | Wenn ich Probleme im Leben habe, sind sie meistens auf mein eigenes Verhalten zurückzuführen. | If there are problems in my life, then they are my own doing. | p1dcnti6 | + | + | - | + | -
13. | Wenn das Schicksal es nicht will, habe ich einfach keine Chance. | When fate is against me, there is nothing to be done about it. | p1dcntc4 | + | + | - | + | -
14. | Die angenehmen Dinge in meinem Leben hängen von anderen Leuten ab. | The good things in my life are determined by other people. | p1dcnte4 | + | + | + | + | +

- General Information
- IP-Items used in BASE
- EE-Items used in BASE
- Constructs Created in BASE
- Additional Information

Control Beliefs:
EE-Items used in BASE

Note:
According to the design, names for Time 1 have the prefix z1, names for Time 2 have the prefix z2,
names for Time 3 have the prefix z3, names for Time 4 have the prefix z4, names for Time 5 have the prefix z5, names for
Time 6 have the prefix z6, and names for Time 7 have the prefix z7.

If the item has been answered on the five-point scale it has the suffix x1;
if it has been answered on the simplified dichotomous scale, the suffix is x2.

| Original items | Translation used in BASE | Variable names Time 1 | Variable names Time 2 | Variable names Time 3 | Variable names Time 4 | Variable names Time 5 | Variable names Time 6 | Variable names Time 7
1. | I can pretty much determine what will happen in my life. | Ich kann viel von dem, was in meinem Leben passiert, selbst bestimmen. | z1e46x1r | + | + | + | + | + | +
2. | If I take the right actions, I can stay healthy. | Meine körperliche Gesundheit ist weitgehend von dem abgängig, was ich selbst tue. | z1e47x1r | + | + | + | + | + | +

- General Information
- IP-Items used in BASE
- EE-Items used in BASE
- Constructs Created in BASE
- Additional Information

Control Beliefs:
Constructs Created in BASE

Note:
According to the design, names for Time 1 have the prefix z1, names for Time 2 have the prefix z2,
names for Time 3 have the prefix z3, names for Time 4 have the prefix z4, names for Time 5 have the prefix z5, names for
Time 6 have the prefix z6, and names for Time 7 have the prefix z7.

Constructs | Construct names Time 1 | Construct names Time 3 | Construct names Time 4 | Construct names Time 5 | Construct names Time 6 | Construct names Time 7
Internal control over positive events
1. | p1cslfpo | p3cslfpo | p4cslfpo | p5cslfpo | p6cslfpo | p7cslfpo
Raw mean (items 1, 5, 7)
2. | p1cip | p3cip | p4cipf | p5cipf | p6cipf | p7cipf
Factor score: mean (LISREL parcels 1, 2, 3) *
Internal control over negative events
1. | p1cslfne | p3cslfne | p4cslfne | - | p6cslfne | -
Raw mean (items 4, 10, 12)
2. | p1cin | p3cin | p4cin | - | p6cinf | -
Factor score: mean (LISREL parcels 1, 2, 3) *
External control (powerful others)
1. | p1cother | p3cother | p4cother | p5cother | p6cother | p7cother
Raw mean (items 3, 8, 9, 14)
2. | p1cex | p3cex | p4cex | p5cexf | p6cexf | p7cexf
Factor score: mean (LISREL parcels 1, 2, 3) *
Chance
1. | p1cchanc | p3cchanc | p4cchanc | p5cchanc | p6cchanc | -
Raw mean (items 2, 6, 11, 13)
2. | p1cch | p3cch | p4cch | p5cchf | p6cchf | -
Factor score: mean (LISREL parcels 1, 2, 3) *

* The composition of the LISREL parcels is explained in the following table (Additional information).

- General Information
- IP-Items used in BASE
- EE-Items used in BASE
- Constructs Created in BASE
- Additional Information

Additional Information:
Control Constructs Created in BASE

Note:
According to the design, names for Time 1 have the prefix z1, names for Time 3 have the prefix z3, names for Time 4
have the prefix z4, names for Time 5 have the prefix z5, names for Time 6 have the prefix z6,
and names for Time 7 have the prefix z7.

Constructs | Construct names Time 1 | Construct names Time 3 | Construct names Time 4 | Construct names Time 5 | Construct names Time 6 | Construct names Time 7
Internal control over positive events
2a. | p1cipp1 | p3cipp1 | p4cipp1 | p5cipp1 | p6cipp1 | p7cipp1
LISREL parcel 1: mean (item 1)
2b. | p1cipp2 | p3cipp2 | p4cipp2 | p5cipp2 | p6cipp2 | p7cipp2
LISREL parcel 2: mean (item 3)
2c. | p1cipp3 | p3cipp3 | p4cipp3 | p5cipp3 | p6cipp3 | p7cipp3
LISREL parcel 3: mean (item 4)
Internal control over negative events
2a. | p1cinp1 | p3cinp1 | p4cinp1 | - | p6cinp1 | -
LISREL parcel 1: mean (item 2)
2b. | p1cinp2 | p3cinp2 | p4cinp2 | - | p6cinp2 | -
LISREL parcel 2: mean (item 5)
2c. | p1cinp3 | p3cinp3 | p4cinp3 | - | p6cinp3 | -
LISREL parcel 3: mean (item 6)
External control (powerful others)
2a. | p1cexp1 | p3cexp1 | p4cexp1 | p5cexp1 | p6cexp1 | p7cexp1
LISREL parcel 1: mean (item 9)
2b. | p1cexp2 | p3cexp2 | p4cexp2 | p5cexp2 | p6cexp2 | p7cexp2
LISREL parcel 2: mean (item 3)
2c. | p1cexp3 | p3cexp3 | p4cexp3 | p5cexp3 | p6cexp3 | p7cexp3
LISREL parcel 3: mean (items 8, 14)
Chance *
2a. | p1cchp1 | p3cchp1 | p4cchp1 | - | - | -
LISREL parcel 1: mean (item 2)
2b. | p1cchp2 | p3cchp2 | p4cchp2 | p5cchp2 | p6cchp2 | -
LISREL parcel 2: mean (item 11)
2c. | p1cchp3 | p3cchp3 | p4cchp3 | - | - | -
LISREL parcel 3: mean (item 6)

* Note that item 13 (p1/ p3/ p4dcntc4) has been excluded from further consideration.

> For further information please read the technical documentation of the self and personality interview at the Max Planck Institute for Human Development.

- General Information
- IP-Items used in BASE
- EE-Items used in BASE
- Constructs Created in BASE
- Additional Information

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