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Depression

- General Information
- EE Instruments / Items used in BASE
- IP Instruments / Items used in BASE
- Raw Constructs Created in BASE

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Depression:
General Information

When? | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Time 4 | Time 5 | Time 6 | Time 7
Where? | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE) | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE) Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intake Assessment (EE) | Intake Assessment (EE) | Intake Assessment (EE)
Questionnaire | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 9-10 b) DSM-III-R criteria for major depression p. 18 c) Worries p. 18 IP: 1.Psychopathology a) HAMD 2.Self-rating scales a) CES-D | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 13-15 b) DSM-3-R-criteria for major depression pp. 23-24 | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 13-15 b) DSM-III-R criteria for major depression pp. 22-23 IP: 1.Psychopathology a) HAMD 2.Self-rating scales a) CES-D | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 13-14 b) DSM-III-R criteria for major depression pp. 22-23 IP: 1.Psychopathology a) HAMD 2.Self-rating scales a) CES-D | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 6-7 | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 7-8 b) CES-D pp. 20-21 | EE: a) PGCMS pp. 7-8 b) CES-D pp. 19-20
SIR Data bank | EE: a) ZPK rec/table 10 (z1ee) b) ZPK rec/table 10 (z1ee) IP: 1a) Psycha rec/table 11 (q1ham) 2a) Psycha rec/table 17 (q1cesd) | EE: a) ZPK rec/table 110(z2ee) b) ZPK rec/table 110 (z2ee) | EE: a) ZPK rec/table 210(z3ee) b) ZPK rec/table 210(z3ee) IP: 1a) Psycha rec/table 211 (q3ham) 2a) Psycha rec/table 217 (q3cesd) | EE: a) ZPK rec/table 310(z4ee) b) ZPK rec/table 310(z4ee) IP: 1a) Psycha rec/table 311 (q4ham) 2a) Psycha rec/table 317 (q4cesd) | EE: ZPK rec/table 410(z5ee) | EE: ZPK rec/table 510(z6ee) | EE: ZPK rec/table 610(z7ee)

To assess Depression, several instruments were used in BASE in the intake assessment (EE) and in the intensive protocol (IP).

EE:
(1) Items of the Philadelphia Geriatric Center Morale Scale (PGCMS, Lawton, 1975; Liang & Bollen, 1983; see Literature) were used as an indicator for depressivity (nine items at measurement point 1, ten at measurement points 2 to 4). This scale was specifically designed for the use with older adults. Responses were given on a 5-point Likert scale (5 labeled as "applies very well to me", 1 as "does not apply to me at all").
(2) Questions reflecting the DSM-III-R criteria for a major depressive disorder (DSM-III-R, American Psychiatric Association, 1987, deutsch: Wittchen, 1989; see Literature) were asked (2 at Time 1, 13 at Times 2, 3, and 4). The answers were recoded (0 = no, 1 = yes).
(3) At Time 1 an 'ad hoc' scale about worries was applicated; answers were given dichotomously (0 = no, 1 = yes).

IP:
(1) In the questionnaire "Psychopathologie" the Hamilton Depression Scale (HAMD, Hamilton, 1960; see Literature), which is an observer-rating scale.
(2) In the questionnaire "Skalen zur Selbstbeurteilung" (Self-rating scales) the CES-D self-rating scale (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale; Radloff, 1977; Hautzinger, 1988; see Literature ).
For further information on data about depression see diagnostic instruments section (mental instruments section (mental GMS-A and the HAS)). In addition there is information in the Observation Protocol.

Literature: Helmchen, Baltes, Geiselmann, Kanowski, Linden, Reischies, Wagner, & Wilms, 1996; Helmchen, Baltes, Geiselmann, Kanowski, Linden, Reischies, Wagner, Wernicke, & Wilms, 1999.

- General Information
- EE Instruments/Items used in BASE
- IP Instruments/Items used in BASE
- Raw Constructs Created in BASE

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Depression:
EE Instruments / Items used in BASE

Note:
According to the design, EE variable names for Time 1 have the prefix z1, names for Time 2 have the prefix z2,
names for Times 3 have the prefix z3, names for Time 4 have the prefix z4, names for Time 5 have the prefix z5,
names for Time 6 have the prefix z6, and names for Time 7 have the prefix z.
Items with the suffix "r" were recoded.

| Original items | Translation used in BASE | Variable names Time 1 | Variable names Time 2 | Variable names Time 3 | Variable names Time 4 | Variable names Time 5 | Variable names Time 6 | Variable names Time 7
PGCMS items
1. | Little things bother me more this year. | Dieses Jahr rege ich mich über Kleinigkeiten auf. | z1e31x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
2. | I sometimes worry so much that I can't sleep. | Ich mache mir oft solche Sorgen, daß ich nicht einschlafen kann. | z1e32x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
3. | I am afraid of a lot of things. | Ich habe vor vielen Dingen Angst. | z1e33x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
4. | I take things hard. | Ich nehme die Dinge schwer. | z1e35x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
5. | I get upset easily. | Ich rege mich leicht auf. | z1e37x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
6. | I have as much pep as I had last year. | Ich habe noch genauso viel Schwung wie letztes Jahr. | z1e38x1r /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
7. | The older I get the less useful I am. | Je älter ich werde, desto weniger nützlich bin ich. | z1e39x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
8. | I sometimes feel that life isn't worth living. | Manchmal glaube ich, daß das Leben nicht lebenswert ist. | z1e42x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
9. | Life is hard for me most of the time. | Das Leben ist die meiste Zeit hart für mich. | z1e43x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
10. | I am sad about a lot of things. | Ich bin über vieles traurig. | z1e45x1 /x2 | + | + | + | + | + | +
DSM-3-R-criteria for Major Depression
1. | During the last four weeks: have you been sad, depressed, dejected? | Waren Sie in den letzten vier Wochen traurig, deprimiert oder niedergeschlagen? | z1e67r | + | + | + | - | - | -
2. | Have you been like that most of the time, only some day or just hourwise? | War das die meiste Zeit so, nur an manchen Tagen oder nur stundenweise? | z1e68r | + | + | + | - | - | -
3. | During the last four weeks: did you lose interest in the activities of your daily life (i.e. work, hobbies)? | Haben Sie in den letzten vier Wochen das Interesse an alltäglichen Dingen verloren, mit denen Sie sich sonst beschäftigt haben (z. B. Interesse an täglicher Arbeit, Hobbys o. ä.)? | - | z2e79nr | + | + | - | - | -
4. | During the last four weeks: Did you have difficulties with sleeping (i.e. to fall asleep, to sleep through or waking up too early) almost every night? | Hatten Sie in den letzten vier Wochen fast täglich Probleme mit dem Schlafen (z. B. mit dem Einschlafen, Durchschlafen oder zu frühem Aufwachen)? | - | z2e80nr | + | + | - | - | -
5. | During the last four weeks: have you been restless, hyperactive or did you feel like moving and walking up and down constantly? | Mußten Sie sich in den letzten vier Wochen dauernd bewegen, konnten Sie nicht still sitzen oder mußten Sie ständig auf und ab laufen? | - | z2e81nr | + | + | - | - | -
6. | During the last four weeks: Have you been much slower with all the things you had to deal with? | Waren Sie in den letzten vier Wochen bei allem, was Sie gemacht haben, langsamer als gewöhnlich? | - | z2e82nr | + | + | - | - | -
7. | During the last four weeks: have you been exhausted, without any energy or power, worn out? | Waren Sie in den letzten vier Wochen kraftlos, ohne Energie, erschöpft und abgespannt? | - | z2e83nr | + | + | - | - | -
8. | During the last four weeks: did you feel as if you couldn't be pleased or happy about anything, even if it was something positive or pleasant? | Konnten Sie sich in den letzten vier Wochen über nichts mehr freuen, - selbst wenn Ihnen etwas Schönes oder Gutes passiert ist? | - | z2e84nr | + | + | - | - | -
9. | During the last four weeks: Have your thoughts been mainly focused on yourself being worthless, guilty or sinful? | Haben Sie sich in den letzten vier Wochen ständig mit dem Gedanken befassen müssen, daß Sie wertlos, sündig oder schuldig sind? | - | z2e85nr | + | + | - | - | -
10. | During the last four weeks: Did you have difficulties in making decisions which usually wouldn't trouble you? | Hatten Sie in den letzten vier Wochen Schwierigkeiten, Entscheidungen zu treffen, die Ihnen normalerweise kein Problem machen? | - | z2e86nr | + | + | - | - | -
11. | During the last four weeks: Have your thoughts been mainly focused on death, did you think of suicide or did you feel the need to die most of the time? | Haben Sie in den letzten vier Wochen besonders viel über den Tod nachgedacht, an Selbstmord gedacht oder die meiste Zeit den Wunsch gehabt, zu sterben? | - | z2e87nr | + | + | - | - | -
12. | During the last four weeks: Was there a phase (longer than two weeks) when you've been constantly sad, depressed or unenthusiastic? | Wenn Sie an die letzten vier Wochen denken: Gab es einmal eine Phase, in der Sie zwei oder mehr Wochen lang ständig traurig, niedergeschlagen oder lustlos waren? | - | z2e88nr | + | + | - | - | -
13. | Did you forget important things (i.e. an appointment) more often recently? | Haben Sie in letzter Zeit häufiger wichtige Dinge, z. B. Verabredungen vergessen? | - | z2e89nr | + | + | - | - | -
Worries ( - ad hoc scale - )
| I will read to you things some people worry about. For example, do you worry... | Ich lese Ihnen jetzt einge Dinge vor, über die sich manche Menschen Sorgen machen. Machen Sie sich zum Beispiel Sorgen ... |
1. | about your health | über Ihre Gesundheit | z1e66x1r | - | - | - | - | - | -
2. | about someone else's health | über die Gesundheit von jemand anderem | z1e66x2r | - | - | - | - | - | -
3. | about money and financial matters | über Geld und Finanzen | z1e66x3r | - | - | - | - | - | -
4. | about problems in your family | über familiäre Probleme | z1e66x4r | - | - | - | - | - | -
5. | that other people have something against you | darüber, daß andere Leute etwas gegen Sie haben | z1e66x5r | - | - | - | - | - | -
6. | about death and dying | über Tod und Sterben | z1e66x6r | - | - | - | - | - | -
7. | about something else | über (etwas) Anderes | z1e66x7r | - | - | - | - | - | -

- General Information
- EE Instruments/Items used in BASE
- IP Instruments/Items used in BASE
- Raw Constructs Created in BASE

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Depression:
IP Instruments / Items used in BASE

Note:
According to the design, IP variable names for Time 1 have the prefix q1,
names for Time 3 have the prefix q3, and names for Time 4 have the prefix q4.
Variables for Time 6 and Time 7 have been administered in the EE, but are reported below.
Variable names for Time 6 have the prefix q6
and names for Times 7 have the prefix q7.

| Original items | Translation used in BASE | Variable names Time 1 | Variable names Time 3 | Variable names Time 4 | Variable names Time 6 | Variable names Time 7
HAMD
1. | Depressed mood | Depressive Stimmung | q1ham01 | + | + | - | -
2. | Self-depreciation and guilt feelings | Schuldgefühle | q1ham02 | + | + | - | -
3. | Suicidal impulse | Suizid | q1ham03 | + | + | - | -
4. | Initial insomnia | Einschlafstörung | q1ham04 | + | + | - | -
5. | Middle insomnia | Durchschlafstörung | q1ham05 | + | + | - | -
6. | Delayed insomnia (Premature awakening) | Schlafstörungen am Morgen | q1ham06 | + | + | - | -
7. | Work and interests | Arbeit und sonstige Tätigkeiten | q1ham07 | + | + | - | -
8. | Retardation: General | Depressive Hemmung | q1ham08 | + | + | - | -
9. | Agitation | Erregung | q1ham09 | + | + | - | -
10. | Anxiety - psychic | Angst - psychisch | q1ham10 | + | + | - | -
11. | Anxiety - somatic | Angst - somatisch | q1ham11 | + | + | - | -
12. | Somatic symptoms: Gastro-intestinal | Körperliche Symptome-gastrointestinale | q1ham12 | + | + | - | -
13. | Somatic symptoms: general | Körperliche Symptome-allgemeine | q1ham13 | + | + | - | -
14. | Sexual interest | Genitalsymptome / Libidoverlust | q1ham14 | + | + | - | -
15. | Hypochondriasis | Hypochondrie | q1ham15 | + | + | - | -
16a. | Weight Loss (anamnesis) | Gewichtsverlust | q1ham16a | + | + | - | -
16b. | Weight Loss (after weighing) | Gewichtsverlust | q1ham16b | + | + | - | -
17. | Insight | Krankheitseinsicht | q1ham17 | + | + | - | -
18a. | Daily fluctuations | Tagesschwankungen | q1ham18a | + | + | - | -
18b. | Daily fluctuations (Intensity) | Tagesschwankungen (Stärke) | q1ham18b | + | + | - | -
19. | Depersonalisation, Derealisation | Depersonalisation, Derealisation | q1ham19 | + | + | - | -
20. | Paranoid symptoms | Paranoide Symptome | q1ham20 | + | + | - | -
21. | Obsessional symptoms | Zwangssymptome | q1ham21 | + | + | - | -
CES-D items
| Last week ... | Während der letzten Woche ... |
1. | ... I was bothered about things that usually don't bother me. | ... haben mich Dinge beunruhigt, die mir sonst nichts ausmachen. | q1ces01 | + | + | + | +
2. | ... I did not feel like eating; my appetite was poor. | ... hatte ich kaum Appetit. | q1ces02 | + | + | + | +
3. | ... I felt that I could not shake off the blues even with help from my family or friends. | ... konnte ich meine trübsinnige Laune nicht loswerden. | q1ces03 | + | + | + | +
4. | ... I felt that I was just as good as other people. | ... kam ich mir genauso gut vor wie andere. | q1ces04 | + | + | + | +
5. | ... I had trouble keeping my mind on what I was doing. | ... hatte ich Mühe mich zu konzentrieren. | q1ces05 | + | + | + | +
6. | ... I felt depressed. | ... war ich deprimiert / niedergeschlagen. | q1ces06 | + | + | + | +
7. | ... I felt that everything I did was an effort. | ... war alles anstrengend für mich. | q1ces07 | + | + | + | +
8. | ... I felt hopeful about the future. | ... dachte ich voller Hoffnung an die Zukunft. | q1ces08 | + | + | + | +
9. | ... I thought my life had been a failure. | ... dachte ich, mein Leben ist ein einziger Fehlschlag. | q1ces09 | + | + | + | +
10. | ... I felt fearful. | ... hatte ich oft Angst. | q1ces10 | - | - | + | +
11. | .. my sleep was restless. | ... habe ich schlecht geschlafen. | q1ces11 | - | - | + | +
12. | ... I was happy. | ... war ich fröhlich gestimmt. | q1ces12 | - | - | + | +
13. | ... I talked less than usual. | ... habe ich weniger als sonst geredet. | q1ces13 | - | - | + | +
14. | ...I felt lonely. | ... fühlte ich mich einsam. | q1ces14 | - | - | + | +
15. | ... people were unfriendly. | ... waren die Leute unfreundlich zu mir. | q1ces15 | - | - | + | +
16. | ... I enjoyed life. | ... habe ich das Leben genossen. | q1ces16 | - | - | + | +
17. | ... I had crying spells. | ... mußte ich manchmal weinen. | q1ces17 | - | - | + | +
18. | ... I felt sad. | ... war ich traurig. | q1ces18 | - | - | + | +
19. | ... I felt that people dislike me. | ... hatte ich das Gefühl, daß mich die Leute nicht leiden können. | q1ces19 | - | - | + | +
20. | ... I could not get "going". | ... bin ich überhaupt nicht in Schwung gekommen. | q1ces20 | - | - | + | +

- General Information
- EE Instruments/Items used in BASE
- IP Instruments/Items used in BASE
- Raw Constructs Created in BASE

###
Depression:
Raw Constructs Created in BASE

Note:
According to the design, EE construct names for Time 1 have the prefix k1, names for Time 2 have the prefix k2,
names for Time 3 have the prefix k3, names for Time 4 have the prefix k4, and names for Time 5 have the prefix k5;
whereas IP construct names for Time 1 have the prefix q1, names for Time 3 have the prefix q3, and names for Time 4 have the prefix q4.
Construct names for Time 6 and Time 7 have the prefix q6 and q7 although variables have been administered in the EE.

Constructs | Construct names Time 1 | Construct names Time 2 | Construct names Time 3 | Construct names Time 4 | Construct names Time 5 | Construct names Time 6 | Construct names Time 7
Depressivity (PGCMS)
1. | k1zsdep | + | + | + | - | - | -
inverse mean (except of z1e38x1) | inverse mean (all 10 items)
2. | k1zdest | + | + | + | - | - | -
estimation of k...zsdep (up to 3 missings which were estimated by mean of non-missings)
DSM-III-R criteria (Depressive illness indicator and major depressive disorder )
1. | Depressive illness indicator
k1z67dii | + | + | + | - | - | -
sum score (z...e67r + z...e68r)
2. | Major depressive disorder
- | k2zmdep | + | + | - | - | -
if (sum score of z...79nr to z...87nr) is ge 4 and z...67r eq 1, k...mdep = 1; if (sum score of z...79nr to z...87nr) is ge 4 and z...67r eq 1, and z...68r eq1, k...mdep = 2 0 = no hint for major depr. disorder 1 = möglicher Hinweis 2 = wahrscheinlicher Hinweis
Depression (HAMD)
1. | q1hamsum | - | + | + | - | - | -
sum score (all hamd-items except of q...ham16b and q...ham18a)
2. | q1hamdes | - | - | - | - | - | -
Estimation for sum score (If less equal 3 missings, estimation by mean of non-missing values.)
3. | q1hamx1s | - | - | - | - | - | -
4. | q1hamx2s | - | - | - | - | - | -
CES-D
1. | q1cesdsu | - | + | + | - | + | +
q...cesdsu = q...cesd1+ q...cesd2 + q...cesd4 + (12-q...cesd3).
2. | q1cesdes | - |  |  | - | + | +
estimate for sum score (if less equal 5 items missing) by mean of non-missing items
3. | Depressive affect
q1cesd1 | - | + | + | - | + | +
sum score (q...ces03 + q...ces06 + q...ces09 + q...ces10 + q...ces14 + q...ces17 + q...ces18)
4. | Somatic complaints
q1cesd2 | - | + | + | - | + | +
sum score (q...ces04 + q...ces08 + q...ces12 + q...ces16)
5. | Positive affect
q1cesd3 | - | + | + | - | + | +
sum score (q...ces01 + q...ces02 + q...ces05 + q...ces07 + q...ces11 + q...ces13 + q...ces20)
6. | Interpersonal attitude
q1cesd4 | - | + | + | - | + | +
sum score (q...ces15 + q....ces19)

- General Information
- EE Instruments/Items used in BASE
- IP Instruments/Items used in BASE
- Raw Constructs Created in BASE

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