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Future Orientation / Optimism

- General Information
- Items used in BASE

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Future Orientation / Optimism:
General Information

When? | Time 1 | Time 2 | Time 3 | Time 4 | Time 5 | Time 6 | Time 7
Where? | Intensive Protocol (IP) | - | Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intensive Protocol (IP) | Intensive Protocol (IP) | -
Questionnaire | IP: Self and Personality pp. 3, 4, 12 | - | IP: Self and Personality pp. 3, 4, 10 | IP: Self and Personality pp. 3, 4, 10 | IP: Self and Personality pp. 1, 2 | IP: Self and Personality pp. 1, 2 | -
SIR Data bank | IP: Psycho rec/table 1 (P1data) rec/table 2 (P1const) | - | IP: Psycho rec/table 201 (P3data) rec/table 202 (P3const) | IP: Psycho rec/table 301 (P4data) rec/table 302 (P4const) | IP: Psycho rec/table 401 (P5data) rec/table 402 (P5const) | IP: Psycho rec/table 501 (P6data) rec/table 502 (P6const) | -

Future orientation / Optimism: Four single items were used to assess future orientation and optimism.
(a) One of them (no.2) stems from the Life Satisfaction Index A (LSI-A, Neugarten, Havighurst, & Tobin, 1961), these items were also used in the Final Questionnaire; (b) another item assessed the individuals' subjective distance to death.
(c) The fourth item asked participants to rank order their orientation toward the past, present or future.
Responses to (a) and (b) were given on a five-point Likert-Scale (5 named as "applies very well to me", 1 as "does not apply to me at all").
At the 5th measurement point only the first 3 items were included in the assessment.

Literature: Smith & Baltes, 1996, 1999; Smith, Fleeson, Geiselmann, Settersen, & Kunzmann, 1996, 1999; Staudinger, Freund, Linden, & Maas, 1996, 1999.

- General Information
- Items used in BASE

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Future Orientation / Optimism:
Items used in BASE

Note:
According to the design, variable names for Time 1 have the prefix p1, names for Time 3 have the prefix p3,
names for Time 4 have the prefix p4, names for Time 5 have the prefix p5,
and names for Time 6 have the prefix p6.

| BASE items / variables | English translation | Variable names Time 1 | Variable names Time 3 | Variable names Time 4 | Variable names Time 5 | Variable names Time 6
1. | Wenn ich an meine Zukunft denke, bin ich zuversichtlich. | I feel confident when I think about my future. | p1dopt1 | + | + | + | +
2. | Ich habe Pläne für die kommenden Monate und das nächste Jahr. | I have made plans for things I'll be doing a month or a year from now.* | p1dfutor | + | + | + | +
3. | Ich habe das Gefühl, daß meine Zeit zu Ende geht. | I have the feeling that my time is running out. | p1dtid | + | + | + | +
4. | Über was denken Sie am meisten nach: | Do you mostly think about: |
die Vergangenheit | the past | p1dti7v | + | + | - | -
die Gegenwart | the present | p1dti7g | + | + | - | -
oder die Zukunft? | or the future? | p1dti7z | + | + | - | -
Und wenn Sie jetzt die anderen beiden miteinandervergleichen, an welches von den beiden denken Sie da mehr? | (Rank order) |  |  |  |  |

* This item is the English original and not a translation.

- General Information
- Items used in BASE

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