Trierer Personality Inventory. Primary data from the standardization sample.
Personality PsychologyAuthors(s) / Creator(s)
Becker, PeterAbstract
The Trier Personality Questionnaire (TPF) is based on a systematic review and further development of theories and diagnostic tools for mental health (Becker, 1997a, Becker & Minsel, 1986), as well as factor-analytical studies concerning the strongest variables and independent factors of personality (Becker, 1988, 1995, 1998, 2000). The TPF is anchored in a (system-) theory and a circumplex model of personality which consists of the two main constructs of mental health and behavioral control. The theory was developed by Becker (1995, 1996, 1999a) and applied in clinical contexts. Mental health is conceived by Becker as "the capacity to manage external and internal psychological demands."
The TPF was administered to a random sample of 961 adults thus generating norm data. Norm tables are available for both sexes separately in the age ranges 18-40 years and 41-80 years.
The data from the norm sample are stored in the RDC at ZPID (previously PsychData).
Persistent Identifier
https://doi.org/10.5160/psychdata.brpr88pe99Year of Publication
2004Funding
How to cite
Study Description
Research Questions/Hypotheses:
Research Design:
Normalized Test Procedure; single measurement
Measurement Instruments/Apparatus:
The Trier Personality Questionnaire (TPI) was theoretically developed. More than 300 items were generated based on assumptions about core areas of mental health, 7 indicators of mental health, and behavioral control, the so-called "superfactor". Using these as well as factor analysis and classic test theory methods (discriminative power, examination of the internal consistency and distribution characteristics, etc.), 120 items for the final version of the TPI were created.
The TPI includes 9 scales for the following constructs:
Superfactors: (1) behavioral control and (2) mental health.
Psycho-physical well-being: (3)meaningfulness vs depressiveness, (4) self-forgetfulness vs self-centering, and (5) symptom free vs nervousness.
Self-actualization: (6) expansiveness and (7) autonomy.
Peer- and self-esteem: (8) self-esteem and (9) ability to love.
An example item reads: "I look with confidence toward the future." The subject can choose between the response categories "always", "often", "sometimes", and "never".
The test manual provides detailed information. The TPI was translated into other languages (including English, French, Hebrew, Spanish, Greek, and Chinese versions). There is a computerized version (Hogrefe Test System).
Data Collection Method:
Data collection in the presence of an experimenter
- Individual Administration
- Paper and Pencil
Data collection in the absence of an experimenter
- Mail Survey
Population:
Adults German citizens aged 18-80 years
Survey Time Period:
1988
Sample:
Stratified, systematic sample
Gender Distribution:
58,1% female subjects (n=525)
41,9% male subjects (n=436)
Age Distribution: 18-80 years
Spatial Coverage (Country/Region/City): Germany/Former West German States
Subject Recruitment:
The selected persons (other than a subsample of 80 panelists who were visited in their homes) were contacted by mail and asked to volunteer to complete the TPI. In some cases 5 DM were offered as compensation. Potential subjects were provided with a postage-free postcard with which they could indicate their willingness to participate. Willing subjects then received the TPI, a postage-paid return envelope, and another postcard by which they could inform the experimenter that they had completed the TPI and returned it using the anonymous envelop. This complex process ensured the complete anonymity of the participant.
Sample Size:
961 individuals
Return/Drop Out:
The response rate of the complete postal data collection was 18%. Of the 80 randomly selected subjects visited at home, there was a significantly higher participation rate of 51%. Datasets with more than 10 missing values were excluded.
MD5: 054ca6702007be958cd6abcfb9c8f48a
MD5: 878591ea922d89e10baf44bf9af5b755
Position | Name | Label | Valid Values | Missing Values |
---|---|---|---|---|
1
|
VP
|
Versuchspersonennummer (intern vergeben)
|
1-978 "Versuchspersonenkennung"
|
999 "Fehlender Wert"
|
2
|
TPF1
|
Item 1 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Verhaltenskontrolle")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
3
|
TPF2
|
Item 2 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Seelische Gesundheit")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
4
|
TPF3
|
Item 3 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Sinnerfülltheit vs. Depressivität")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
5
|
TPF4
|
Item 4 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Beschwerdefreiheit vs. Nervosität")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
6
|
TPF5
|
Item 5 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Expansivität")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
7
|
TPF6
|
Item 6 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Selbstwertgefühl")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
8
|
TPF7
|
Item 7 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Autonomie")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
9
|
TPF8
|
Item 8 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Selbstvergessenheit vs. Selbstzentrierung")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
10
|
TPF9
|
Item 9 des Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogens (Skala "Liebesfähigkeit")
|
4 "immer"
3 "oft"
2 "manchmal"
1 "nie"
|
0 "fehlender Wert"
|
Utilized Test Methods |
---|
Becker, P. (1989). Der Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogen TPF. Handanweisung. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
PSYNDEX
|
Further Reading |
---|
Becker, P. & Minsel, B. (1986). Psychologie der seelischen Gesundheit. Bd. 2 Persönlichkeitspsychologische Grundlagen, Bedingungsanalysen und Förderungsmöglichkeiten. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
PSYNDEX
|
Becker, P. (1988). Seelische Gesundheit und Verhaltenskontrolle: Zwei replizierbare, varianzstarke Persönlichkeitsfaktoren. Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 9, 13-38.
PSYNDEX
|
Becker, P. (1995). Seelische Gesundheit und Verhaltenskontrolle. Eine integrative Persönlichkeitstheorie und ihre klinische Anwendung. Göttingen: Hogrefe.
PSYNDEX
|
Becker, P. (1996). Persönlichkeit. In A. Ehlers & K. Hahlweg (Hrsg.), Enzyklopädie der Psychologie: Themenbereich D Praxisgebiete, Serie II Klinische Psychologie, Bd. 1 Grundlagen der Klinischen Psychologie (S. 465-534). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
PSYNDEX
|
Becker, P. (1997a). Psychologie der seelischen Gesundheit. Bd. 1 Theorien, Modelle, Diagnostik (2. Aufl.). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
|
Becker, P. (1998). A multifacet circumplex model of personality as a basis for the description and therapy of personality disorders. Journal of Personality Disorders, 12, 213-225.
PSYNDEX
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Becker, P. (1999a). Allgemeine und differentielle Psychotherapie auf systemischer Grundlage. In R. F. Wagner & P. Becker (Hrsg.), Allgemeine Psychotherapie. Neue Ansätze zu einer Integration psychotherapeutischer Schulen (S. 169-226). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
PSYNDEX
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Becker, P. (1999b). Beyond the Big Five. Personality and Individual Differences, 26, 511-530.
PSYNDEX
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Becker, P. (2000). Die "Big Two" Seelische Gesundheit und Verhaltenskontrolle: zwei orthogonale Superfaktoren höherer Ordnung? Zeitschrift für Differentielle und Diagnostische Psychologie, 21, 113-124.
PSYNDEX
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Becker, P., (1997b). Trierer Persönlichkeitsfragebogen (TPF). In R. Brickenkamp (Hrsg.), Handbuch psychologischer und pädagogischer Tests (2., vollständig überarbeitete und erweiterte Aufl.) (S. 603-607). Göttingen: Hogrefe.
PSYNDEX
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